Second Chapter
Dr. Álvaro Monterrosa Castro, MD
Incidence of infertility
There is no increase in the incidence of infertility after stopping the use of the pill (120,152), although a slight delay in achieving pregnancy has been observed (7).
In those women who stop oral contraceptives to become pregnant, 50% have conceived within three months.
After two years, 15% of nulliparous women and 7% of women who already had children fail to become pregnant, figures comparable to those defined for spontaneous infertility.
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In general, there is no express and significant deterioration in the return of fertility after stopping the use of combined oral contraceptives; they are not a cause of infertility in any of the age groups; they are rapidly and safely reversible, however Vessey (153) points out, based on studies and a new analysis of Oxford-FDA data, that the temporary decrease in fertility is in ex-users over 30 years of age who are trying to get pregnant for the first time.
Incidence of spontaneous abortion
The incidence of spontaneous abortion does not increase after discontinuation of combined oral contraceptives, there is no evidence that oral contraceptives cause changes or damage to individual germ cells that may later cause abnormalities, the relationship between the sexes is not modified, there is no modifies the risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality, premature birth or low birth weight, an almost two-fold increase in the possibility of dizygotic twins has been observed in women who become pregnant immediately after stopping the pill and no differences have been found in children born to mothers who had stopped taking oral contraceptives with respect to weight, hemoglobin levels, intelligence test scores, and assessments of growth and development (7).
Dr. Álvaro Monterrosa Castro, MD
